Abstract: In old age, the kidneys undergo changes affecting renal hemodynamics, glomerular
filtration, urine concentration and dilution, and functional renal reserve.
The aim of this publication was to survey the scientific literature and systematize changes in
renal hemodynamics, glomerular filtration, concentrating and diluting capacity, and functional
renal reserve in old age. An in-depth review of the subject was made in scientific publications
and the information is systematized.
Age-related changes in renal hemodynamics limit the kidney's ability to maintain optimal
function and adapt to changing conditions. This necessitates careful monitoring of renal
function and adaptation of therapeutic strategies to avoid complications such as renal failure
or hypertension. With advancing age, the reduction of glomerular filtration is an inevitable
physiological process, which, however, increases the risk of renal dysfunction and
complications. Early recognition and adequate assessment of these changes are critically
important for maintaining kidney health in old age.
Age-related changes in the concentrating and diluting capacity of the kidneys are inevitable
and lead to reduced adaptability to hydration and electrolyte stress states. These changes
require an individualized approach to the treatment and monitoring of renal function in the
elderly.
Functional renal reserve is a key indicator of the kidney's ability to cope with physiological
or pathological stressors. With advancing age, this reserve significantly decreases, which
increases the risk of kidney failure and complications. Timely recognition and adaptation of
medical care are essential to prevent kidney damage. These physiological changes emphasize
the need for an individualized approach in the care of kidney function in the elderly.
Key words: age changes, renal hemodynamics, glomerular filtration, functional renal reserve,
old age, concentration and dilution capacity

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