Abstract:

The modern healthcare system is characterized by its complexity and the interaction of 
medical, legal, and ethical dimensions, requiring an interdisciplinary approach. This study 
examines the legal status and protection of medical professionals in Bulgaria, emphasizing the need 
to strengthen their professional and labor rights. Combining legal analysis, comparative law, and 
empirical research, it explores mechanisms for protection in labor and ethical conflicts, the role of 
professional organizations, and institutional measures against violence toward healthcare workers. 
The results reveal significant deficits in legal awareness and institutional protection, highlighting 
the need for codification of medical law and integration between legal and medical frameworks. 
Recommendations include legal education, institutional support units, and the creation of national 
systems for legal and psychological protection during crises. 

Keywords: healthcare, medical law, rights of medical professionals, professional protection, labor 
relations 

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