Abstract:

Dyslipidemias, in addition to being influenced by genetics and lifestyle, are significantly 
affected by environmental factors. Air pollution—particularly fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅), heavy 
metals, and microplastics—induces oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. This leads to an 
atherogenic alteration of the lipid profile: increased LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and 
decreased HDL cholesterol. Through mechanisms involving lipoprotein oxidation, epigenetic 
modifications, and dysregulation of key metabolic pathways, environmental toxicants create 
conditions for the development of environmental dyslipidemia, which may account for 10–20% of 
acquired cases. This specific subtype directly contributes to the acceleration of atherosclerosis and 
increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, prevention strategies must integrate not 
only classical approaches but also measures to reduce exposure to pollutants, such as improving 
air quality, which represents an important public health intervention.  

 
Keywords: Environmental dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, atherogenesis, cholesterol, particulate 
matter.  

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